2023 XML and Web Applications Copyright Laureate Online Education All rights reserved 2000 2013 The module | Assignment Collections

XML and Web Applications Copyright -Laureate Online Education © All rights reserved, 2000–2013. The module, in all its parts—Syllabus, guidelines, Lecture Notes, Discussion Questions, technical notes, images and any additional material—is copyrighted by Laureate Online Education B.V. Last update: 07 March 2013 1/20 Week 1: Lecture Notes Introduction to XML, services and applications Since XML was first developed by an XML Working Group formed under the auspices of the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) in 1996, a number of papers, applications and what have come to be called XML services have been developed or proposed. It would be difficult to have had anything to do with the Web in the last few years and not have heard of XML. However, unless you are a professional working closely with the developing standards, it is difficult to sometimes see the direction and place all these standards and technologies in perspective. In this first week, we will briefly discuss XML and provide a brief overview to XML Web services, their architecture and the developing standards and technologies which are just becoming known as XML applications. What is XML? XML is an acronym for Extensible Markup Language and it is a subset of the Standard Generalised Mark-up Language (SGML), developed by Charles F. Goldberg. The first working draft of which was published in 1980 and in 1986, it was accepted as a standard (ISO 8879:1986) for the structure and content of electronic documents. HTML (Hypertext Markup Language) and XML have both been defined using SGML, and conform to SGML rules. SGML, which was designed for the world of publishing, is too complex for the fairly simplistic world of the Web, so we have been using HTML, developed by Tim Berners-Lee at CERN (the European Organization for Nuclear Research) in 1990, to create the first Web pages. HTML was specifically designed to display format data on black and white monitors and it has a limited set of predefined tags. XML, on the other…