1. Expenses vs Expenditures

In business practice we are accustomed to using ‘expenses.’ In governmental accounting, you will be using expenditures and expenses. Describe the major distinction between the two and discuss the importance of using the right terminology properly.

Governmental funds

Describe how the accrual concept is applied in governments on one of the following expenses: compensated absences, pension and OPEB, claims and judgments, inventories, prepayments, capital assets, and principal and interest payment on debt; as opposed to business.

A government entity that is under pressure to balance their budget decided to delay the salaries and wages from the last day of the month to the first day of the following month. This resulted in one fewer pay period in the year of change. How would the change affect the reported expenditures of a governmental fund under GAAP?

2. Revenue Recognition

Explain the nature and types of government revenue sources and discuss how they are accounted for. Research your local CAFR and share here the most significant source of your local government’s revenues. When is modified accrual versus full accrual used? Why? Explain the importance of inter-period equity. Why is this important in the revenue recognition process? Why the “available” criterion on revenue recognition is deemed significant?

In responding to your peers, put yourself in the shoes of either a fiscal manager or a taxpayer and discuss how the concepts here affect your decision- making process.

3. Budgets

Let’s discuss the types and key purposes of budgets for governmental and nonprofit entities. Assuming you are the fiscal manager for this local government, what type of budget would you recommend and why? How do budgets enhance control?

PROMPT #1: PARADOX OF ANALYSIS. Analyze the concept of philosophical (conceptual) analysis. Is every concept in need of analysis or are there some concepts that are self-evident or self-explanatory? Explain your answer.

Here is the paper you reviewed that needs the changes. Thank you. Its attached..

Ethical Dilemma: Ethical Dilemma: The instructions for this assignment were for you to base your memo on 1 of 5 scenarios from the textbook. Template to write is included in the attached as well as everything needed.

How does the health of the economy affect your financial health? How healthy is the U.S.

economy right now? On what measures do you base your judgments? How will your appreciation

of the big picture help you in planning for your future?

Hi, this is a easy programming task if you ahve used this language before, I just don’t have the time right now. Shuoldn’t take more than 15 minutes if you are experienced. Don’t accept this if you aren’t able to do it..

Create a VBScript script (w2_firstname_lastname.vbs) that takes 3 parameters (numbers)

1) Print the sum of three numbers

2) Print the average of the three numbers

Optionally, you can save the results into a file “Results.txt” using the redirection operator or by creating the file in the script.

4) Make sure to include comment block (flowerbox) in your code.

5) Sample run:-

C:entd261>cscript.exe w2_sammy_abaza.vbs 2 3 5 > results.txt

Submit your work in w2_firstname_lastname.txt (Please save the file as a text file and upload the text file here for final review.)

Requirements

Points

Comment block (flowerbox) with Instructions on how to run the code with examples.

20

Code documentation and comments.

10

Assignment code including creating command line parameter

70

TOTAL POINTS

100

write a discussion of 250 words about the lecture present in the pfd (Please take a moment to share your thoughts, ideas, comments ?

After the presenters have posted their statements pro and con and their rebuttals to each other for Debate 3.2, classmates are required to write a paragraph response . First, before reading the debate, note if you are for or against the statement (before reading the debate, do you agree more with the pro or con position?). Then note if your position changed or remained the same after you read the debate (after reading the debate, do you agree more with the pro or con position?) Give any insights on the debate or debate topic. (300-400 WORDS)

PRO POST:

Topic: Rules against hate speech are too broad, and instead we should address the problem of hate speech by exposing it and discussing it in the classroom.

PRO

Hate speech is a type of language that people use to insult other forms of identity, depending on their race, ethnicity, religion, biological gender, or gender orientation. In the United States, every citizen has the right to the freedom of expression of the First Amendment. However, the boundaries between free speech and hate speech are ambiguous. It is easy for people to use some freedom of speech as a hate speech to attack, thus involving groups of people, so that large-scale disputes between groups formed. It is difficult for us to deal with hate speech because everyone has different growth backgrounds, forming different values and beliefs, leading them to express their views on others from perspective. In this case, they probably make others who think they are insulted ( George, 2015). Therefore, it is difficult for us to judge whether a person’s speech is to express hate speech or to express their real views.

In particular, hate speech brings about a broad view of the rights to be protected by the constitution; the rights of equal treatment and freedom of expression (George, 2015). In the United States, many people have individuals with different identities whose respond to hate speech by fighting back to protect their feelings of shame and anger。

However, many times, when people attacked because of their identity, they have to remain silent because everyone has the right to free speech. When people enjoy the right to freedom, people have to be obligated to silence. Therefore, there is a problem in the rules against hate speech because the US government does not allow people to support or oppose it.

Since the rules against hate speech are broad and very unclear, the best way to solve the problem is to expose it and discuss it. We know that a school is a place where a child spends the most time in addition to his family. As students, we not only receive education in various subjects at school but also learn how to communicate and learn to cope with all problems in society. There is no doubt that hate speech is a big problem in society today, so we should discuss this issue in class because people are often unconsciously affected.

Due to the rules against hate speech are broad and very unclear, the best way to solve the problem is to expose it and discuss it. We all know that a school is a place where a child spends the most time in addition to his family. As students, we not only receive education in various subjects at school but also learn how to communicate and learn to cope with all problems in society. There is no doubt that hate speech is a big problem in society today, so we should discuss this issue in class because people are often unconsciously affected.

If a hate crime occurs inside and outside the school, exposing the behavior and discussing the action will promote the healing of the affected individual group (Willoughby, 2012). When we discuss hate speech in the classroom, it helps to form a support for identity groups that may be the target of hate speech, which also gives the victim psychological comfort and treatment. Besides, discussing hate speech can also allow more students to recognize the problem, thereby indirectly reducing the occurrence of hate speech. Therefore, the best way to address hate speech is not to remain silent and to confront it but to expose it and discuss it.

References

George, C. (2015). Hate Speech Law and Policy. In The International Encyclopedia of Digital Communication and Society (First Edit, pp. 1–10). John Wiley & Sons, Inc. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781118290743/wbiedcs139

Willoughby, B. (2012). Responding to Hate and Bias at School. Teaching Tolerance, 14–15.

CON POST:

Topic: Rules against hate speech are too broad, and instead we should address the problem of hate speech by exposing it and discussing it in the classroom.

CON

I disagree with this statement that said too many restrictions deprive free speech of its meaning. Although the First Amendment on “Definition” of freedom of speech passed other laws, the First Amendment allows people to speak what they want, and they will not be subject to legal sanction. If I were a parent, I would not want my children who get and know what is “hate speech” from their school when they were a child. I think a parent has to teach their children what is hate and free speech in their life when they grow up because children stay at home more than study in class. Therefore, we have enough time to teach our children how to use freedom of speech correctly.

Under American law, there is no legal definition of “hate speech”. However, hate speech is any form of speech in which the speaker is implied to belittle or incite hatred against a group or class of a person. As noted above, the First Amendment protects speech, no matter how offensive its content. Moreover, more specifically, it does not protect behavior that involves the focusing threats or harassment or the creation of hostile environments. But simply, bigoted or offensive speech does not rise to that level; Decide whether to underline or not according to the specific situation.

Whether when we realize it or not, we will perform some kind of “hate speech” at some time or another. Because not everyone in the world has the same beliefs, even in the case of defining “hate speech”, it will leave a gray area. There is a line when it crosses, the fighting or argument maybe be caused. However, If someone gathers people to get a speech in a public space about their opinion of agreement. However, someone of disagreement sounding with them, and speak a lot of foul languages We don’t discuss whether the speaker is right or wrong, but the people who oppose it spoil the environment. Affect the speech of others. Why do they destroy the freedom of speech of others? What’s wrong with them? We can stop this from happening at what age, in the classroom, contact and I think that raising our children is more humble, not so sensitive, accept other culture, help others and be kind to each other. Be learning, not hate speech. It should be about history, the education of mathematics, and the things that affect them as a responsible adult in later life. The focus in the class has shifted to what I think is negative. For example, when students leave school, not every student will find a suitable job in the field they want. And If they’re engineers, they don’t necessarily use some tools, they might be able to calculate some structures, but they don’t know how to build materials. To take even more time away from actually educating in the classroom, to spend time and funds on “hate speech” is quite repulsive.

References:

“Hate Speech and Hate Crime”, American Library Association, December 12, 2017.

REPLY FROM PRO:

Rebuttal and Question
In the first paragraph of ChingLung Liu, I agree that he said that children would learn more at home than at school. Indeed, the impact of the family on children is higher than that of schools. However, there is a premise that the child has a good parent who knows how to teach the child. Not all parents have time and methods to teach their children. Even some parents do not care about their children’s growth education. Therefore, I do not agree with Chinglung Liu’s point of view. He said, “If I were a parent, I would not want my children who get and know what is ‘hate speech’ from their school when they were a child.” At this time, school education is crucial because no matter whether the child is Can get a good education in the family, all children can get an education opportunity in school. Also, the hate speech discussed at school is conducive to the growth of children. Through class discussions, students can be told how to distinguish between hate speech and free speech. This help is enormous because we communicate with others in life and often unconsciously hurt others. If many young people raise awareness through school education, they will reduce a lot of hate speech, which will cause linguistic harm to many people. I do agree with the phenomenon that Chinglung Liu said that many students do not match their profession after leaving school. Even many people think that learning at school is useless. I believe that all practices are inseparable from theory. Perhaps many people believe that most of the theories are useless, but in fact, they have unconsciously applied something they have learned.
Discussion Question: Do you think we should be addressing hate speech in high school or college or even early?

REPLY FROM CON:

Rebuttal and Discussion Question

In Mingyuan’s first paragraph he mentions how “It turns out that it is difficult for us to deal with hate speech because everyone has different growth backgrounds to form different values and beliefs, to express their views on other people from their perspective, and ultimately may make the other group think they are insulted ”. America is about being diverse and a country to express yourself and believe in what you want. However, someone or somewhere will always be offended by someone else. There is no such thing as a world were people believe in the same exact thing, therefore causing some sort of tension or “hate”.

Mingyuan proceeds to state in his second paragraph that “Many times, when people are attacked because of their identity, they have to remain silent because everyone has the right to free speech.” I disagree with this point, as everyone has a voice and clearly many choose to voice their opinion for all to hear. The government will not be able to make defined rules as every person is different in every way thus creating a completely different scenario in every case. Schools have noted that hate speech is not tolerated and yet it still happens. Its like drugs, they are illegal but they’re still present.

In summary, there will never be a “perfect world” where is a restriction on what is supposed to be free. For example, in science and religion, there is no way to brainwash people into believing and following the same exact thing. No matter how much hate speech is talked about, the only real way is teaching our children to respect others and teaching them manners regardless of race, gender, religion or sexual orientation, and with hopes that the world will one day change. And this all starts with us as individuals. Give a positive impression to the younger generations; to be positive role models. Absolutely there are definitely support groups for people who have trouble dealing with their experiences or expressing themselves, but talking and taking action are two different things. There has been a lot of talks, but as our world has shown, there is clearly not enough action; Most of the actions mentioned recently have done more harm than good.

Discussion Question: As diverse as America is, how can governments make laws defining hate speech without taking away “freedom”? Should teachers teach this in class?

Instructions: There are two (2) topic areas listed below that are designed to measure your knowledge level specific to learning outcome (LO 3) shown in your course syllabus. Please provide appropriate responses in essay form for both. In most cases the topic area has several components. Each must be addressed to properly satisfy requirements.

State-wide and in most professional industries, there has been a mandate that college students be more proficient in their writing. While this is not a writing class, all writing assignments will be graded for grammar, syntax and typographical correctness to help address this mandate.

Pay attention to what you are being asked to do (see Grading Rubric below). For example, to describe does not mean to list, but to tell about or illustrate in more than two or three sentences, providing appropriate arguments for your responses using theories discussed in our text. Be sure to address all parts of the topic question as most have multiple parts. A verifiable current event (less than 4 years old) relevant to at least one of the topics you respond to is a fundamental component of your quiz as well. You cannot use information from the text book or any book/article by the author of the text book as a current event. Make sure that your reference has a date of publication. For each chapter quiz and final quiz you are required to find and include at least one reference and reference citation to a current event less than 4 years old (a reference with no date (n.d.) is not acceptable) in answer to at least one question. This requires a reference citation in the text of your answer and a reference at the end of the question to which the reference applies. You must include some information obtained from the reference in your answer. The references must be found on the internet and you must include a URL in your reference so that the reference can be verified.

You should type your responses directly under the appropriate question. Be sure to include your name on your quiz. Only the first two (2) questions with answers will be graded. Include your name in the document filename. Your completed quiz must be uploaded into the appropriate eCollege Dropbox, no later than 11:59pm on the due date. Do well.

  1. Based on what you have learned in this chapter and using appropriate components, properly construct an argument to: (1) support or refute the view that all undergraduate students should be required to take a course in cyberethics; and (2) apply the seven steps (in Section 3.8) to your argument. Please elaborate (beyond a yes or no answer) and provide your rationale in support of your responses (comprehension)
  1. Using appropriate components construct an argument for or against the view that privacy protection should be improved in e-commerce transactions. Next evaluate your arguments against the rules for valid, inductive, and fallacious arguments. Does your argument contain any of the common or “informal” fallacies discussed in Section 3.9? If so, elaborate. Please elaborate (beyond a yes or no answer) and provide your rationale in support of your responses (knowledge)
  2. I will send u the grading rubrics later.
  3. APA Format

please note that this assignment is based on a pretend scenario and fictitious money. However, the assignment is based on actual stock pricing in real time situations. Do not invest your personal money for this assignment.

To assist you with your Journal entry please use the following template by clicking here.

This is the week you have been waiting for – to see if you are walking home a ‘pretend’ millionaire, or whether you would be finding a side job to recoup your losses.

For Week 10, review your investment for the last time. You must:

  1. Record the current price of the stock for each company you selected in Week 3’s Stock Journal. You may use any price during this week (e.g., day one price, the opening, the low, the high, the close, or any price you find when you check it during the day). Using a MS Excel spreadsheet or MS Word document, put your Week 8 and Week 10 stock prices side-by-side, to show the comparison.
  2. Determine the total value of your investment.
  3. Provide your final opinion / assessment of your investments. Did you make money or lose money? Discuss your results and, based on hindsight, describe what you would do differently.
  4. Discuss what you learned from this assignment. Do you believe this assignment will help you in the future in any way?