2024 Oral Traditions In African And Confucian Ethics Assignment Help

Both African and Confucian ethical traditions have a long standing oral tradition 2023

Both African and Confucian ethical traditions have a long standing oral tradition. What is one theme from each of these ethical traditions that you believe is valuable to pass on through oral traditions? In what way do you have an oral tradition within your family? In writing your paper you are required to use one article from the library’s academic resources/databases. The body of your paper should be 2-3 pages in length and in APA format.

2024 2 QUESTION 1 90 marks The newly appointed financial accountant of Oxygen Ltd, a large listed conglom.. Assignment Help

2 QUESTION 1 90 marks The newly appointed financial accountant of Oxygen Ltd a large listed conglomerate company has requested 2023

2 QUESTION 1 90 marks The newly appointed financial accountant of Oxygen Ltd, a large listed conglomerate company, has requested your assistance in the following matters in respect of the financial year ended 31 December 2003 of the Oxygen Ltd group: Zeta Ltd Zeta Ltd, a wholly owned subsidiary of Oxygen Ltd, is a retailer with a number of local and international branches. The company’s expansion into Australia has had limited success and all the branches in Australia are to be closed down. Because of the high cancellation penalties of property lease agreements, Zeta Ltd has decided to continue operating in Australia until 30 June 2004, at which time all lease agreements will have come to an end, and those branches will be closed. The public announcement of the closures was made on 30 December 2003. The management of Zeta Ltd has prepared the following schedule of estimated losses in respect of the Australia branches for the period January to June 2004: R’000 Operating loss (4 500) Lease rentals on properties (7 500) Retrenchment packages for staff members (2 000) Retraining costs for staff members transferred to other Oxygen Ltd group operations (3 000) Expected loss on disposal of shop fittings (4 000) Total expected loss (21 000) These amounts were estimated in Australian dollars and converted into rand at the year-end spot rate. Beta Ltd Beta Ltd is a financial services company. Oxygen Ltd acquired a strategic 35% holding in Beta Ltd in 1995. Oxygen Ltd also has a separate financial services division, which has entered into numerous material transactions with Beta Ltd since 1995. Oxygen Ltd had the right to nominate two of the seven directors that served on the board of Beta Ltd. In November 2002 it was discovered that the chief executive officer and chief financial officer of Beta Ltd had defrauded Beta Ltd. The two were dismissed immediately. The fraud was so extensive that it caused a serious liquidity crisis for Beta Ltd and the company was considering going into liquidation. At the request of the remaining directors of Beta Ltd, Oxygen Ltd made a proposal to acquire the remaining shares in the company. The shareholders of both companies ratified the agreement with immediate effect on 30 December 2002 and also agreed that Oxygen Ltd would take full management control of Beta Ltd on this date. As required by law, the agreement contained a suspensive condition, namely that validation would be dependent on ratification by the Financial Services Board and the Competition Commission. Oxygen Ltd was of the opinion that although the take-over would make Oxygen Ltd the dominant financial services group in South Africa, these ratifications would be a mere formality and would be completed in a few months. Oxygen Ltd believed it had met the conditions for acquisition of control of Beta Ltd on 30 December 2002 and fully consolidated Beta Ltd from this date onwards. On 31 October 2003 the Financial Services Board and Competition Commission ruled that Oxygen Ltd could take over Beta Ltd, except for two divisions of Beta Ltd. For competitive purposes these divisions had to be sold to an unrelated party. To date no successful bidder for the two divisions has been found. Oxygen Ltd has therefore petitioned the Financial Services Board and Competition Commission to allow for the two divisions to be acquired by Oxygen Ltd as per the original 3 agreement. The directors of Oxygen Ltd consider that their petition will be successful in view of the potential loss of value that any further delays will have for the shareholders of Beta Ltd. The directors are also of the opinion that they should continue to consolidate Beta Ltd (including the two divisions mentioned previously) into the consolidated annual financial statements of Oxygen Ltd for the year ended 31 December 2003. Gamma Inc. Gamma Inc., a US registered subsidiary of Oxygen Ltd, was acquired on 2 January 2003. Oxygen Ltd acquired all the issued shares of Gamma Inc. unconditionally on this date. The previous two shareholders of Gamma Inc. remained as directors and still manage the company. In order to act as an incentive to the vendors of Gamma Inc., it was agreed that the purchase consideration would be settled by the issue of 420 000 shares of Oxygen Ltd and an option to subscribe for an additional 40 000 shares on 2 January 2005. The vendors negotiated that the 420 000 shares would be issued at R40 per share, which was at a discount to their trading price on 2 January 2003 of R43 per share. The option to subscribe for an additional 40 000 shares on 2 January 2005 stipulated that the exercise price on this date would also be R40 per share. On 2 January 2003 an independent expert valued the option at R215 000. Using the same basis of calculation at year end, the option only had a value of R60 000 because of a drop in the share price of Oxygen Ltd. As a further incentive to the vendors of Gamma Inc., the purchase agreement provided that the two previous shareholders of Gamma Inc. would be granted an extra bonus of US $80 000 each, payable after two years, to continue acting as directors of the company for two years. A director will forfeit this bonus if he resigns before the completion of the two-year service period. Oxygen Ltd considered the plant and equipment of Gamma Inc. to be undervalued by US $200 000 on the date of acquisition. On that date this plant and equipment had a remaining useful life of five years and no residual value. In the country in which it operates, Gamma Inc. is subject to a normal tax rate of 25%. Oxygen Ltd decided that all surplus funds in Gamma Inc. should be stripped out of the company. This was effected via an interest free loan to the holding company on 2 January 2003. The loan is rand denominated and repayable on 31 December 2004. Gamma Inc. is carrying the loan to Oxygen Ltd at the original amount of the proceeds paid. The accountant of Gamma Inc. has indicated that no foreign exchange differences have been calculated, as this loan needs to be eliminated on consolidation. The trial balances of Gamma Inc. as at 2 January and 31 December 2003 and exchange rates are presented below. Oxygen Ltd has classified Gamma Inc. as a foreign entity. 4 GAMMA INC. TRIAL BALANCES AS AT 2 January 2003 31 December 2003 US $’000 US $’000 Plant and equipment 1 100 900 Loan to holding company – 450 Other monetary net assets 600 600 Share capital (50) (50) Retained earnings at 1 January 2003 (1 650) (1 650) Revenue (1 800) Expenses 1 200 Tax 150 Dividend paid 31 December 2003 200 Nil Nil Exchange rates: 2 January 2003 31 December 2003 Average for 2003 US $1,00 = R8,50 US $1,00 = R7,10 US $1,00 = R7,50 The Oxygen Ltd group has adopted the following accounting policies with regard to foreign entities: • Goodwill and fair value adjustments are denominated in the measurement currency of the subsidiary and are translated at the closing exchange rate, and • Goodwill, if any, is amortised over a period of ten years. Alpha Ltd Alpha Ltd is a property company that develops properties for sale and also constructs office parks that are leased out on long-term leases. Oxygen Ltd acquired a 25% shareholding in Alpha Ltd on 2 January 1999. At that date the carrying value of Alpha Ltd’s net assets amounted to R10 million, which was considered to be its fair value. Alpha Ltd acquired its 25% holding for R2 million. At that date Alpha Ltd was not expected to incur future losses, and the non-monetary assets of the company amounted to R12 million with an expected remaining useful life of ten years. By March 2003 Alpha Ltd was experiencing difficulties, primarily as a result of poor management of the Alpha Ltd construction projects. At a special shareholders’ meeting held on 31 March 2003, a resolution was passed that Alpha Ltd would issue 2 750 000 shares to Oxygen Ltd for cash on 2 April 2003 to allow Oxygen Ltd to increase its holding to 80%. The issue price of the shares would be R15 per share. This would inject sufficient cash to restore the company to profitability, while Oxygen Ltd would utilise the assessed loss of the company in the foreseeable future. The balance sheet of Alpha Ltd and relevant notes that were presented to shareholders at the meeting are set out below: 5 ALPHA LTD BALANCE SHEET AS AT 31 MARCH 2003 Notes R’000 ASSETS Plant and equipment 1 15 000 Investment properties 26 000 Construction work in progress 2 4 000 Accounts receivable 5 000 50 000 EQUITY AND LIABILITIES Share capital (R1 shares) 1 000 Retained income 9 500 Shareholders’ funds 10 500 Long-term liabilities 23 000 Accounts payable 5 500 Provisions 4 000 Overdraft facilities 7 000 50 000 Notes to balance sheet 1 Plant and equipment Plant and equipment are stated at the carrying value at the company’s last year end, namely 31 December 2002. The fair value of plant and equipment is considered to be R20 million. 2 Construction work in progress Construction work in progress represents work that has been carried out on property developments that have not yet been sold. The directors of Alpha Ltd consider the fair value of these developments to be R4,5 million at their current stage of completion, although they would probably only realise R2 million in a forced sale. 3 Deferred tax The deferred tax balance can be analysed as follows: R’000 Capital allowances on plant and equipment 1 500 Debtors’ allowance on construction debtors (300) Provision for future construction (600) Assessed loss (1 620) Net deferred tax asset (1 780) Asset not recognised 1 780 Carrying value in balance sheet Nil REQUIRED Draft a letter to the accountant of Oxygen Ltd, in which you deal with the following issues: (a) Discuss, with reasons, whether each of the components of the total expected loss of Zeta Ltd’s Australian branches for the period of January to June 2004 should be recognised in the consolidated annual financial statements of Oxygen Ltd for the year ended 31 December 2003. You are not required to discuss any disclosure and presentation requirements. (16) (b) Discuss, with reasons, the appropriate date of acquisition of Beta Ltd in the consolidated annual financial statements of Oxygen Ltd for the year ended 31 December 2003. (15) 6 (c) Calculate, with supporting reasons, Oxygen Ltd’s cost of acquisition of Gamma Inc. at 31 December 2003. In your answer you should consider the possible impact of the bonus payable to the directors. (9) (d) Prepare the translated trial balance of Gamma Inc. and the pro forma consolidation journal entries required to consolidate the results and financial position of Gamma Inc. in the group annual financial statements of Oxygen Ltd for the year ended 31 December 2003. (22) (e) Prepare the relevant extracts from the consolidated cash flow statement and the notes thereto of the Oxygen Ltd group for the year ended 31 December 2003 to reflect the acquisition of shares in Alpha Ltd on 2 April 2003. (28)

2024 ECO 365 FINAL EXAM (AUGUST 2015) 100% ANSWER Assignment Help

1 The DeBeers company is a profit maximizing monopolist that exercises monopoly power in 2023

1). The DeBeers company is a profit-maximizing monopolist that exercises monopoly power in the distribution of diamonds. If the company earns positive economic profits this year, the price of diamonds will: Exceed the marginal cost of diamonds but equal to the average total cost of diamonds. Exceed both the marginal cost and the average total cost of diamonds. Be equal to the marginal cost of diamonds. Be equal to the average total cost of diamonds. 2). Using 100 workers and 10 machines, a firm can produce 10,000 units of output; using 250 workers and 25 machines, the firm produces 21,000 units of output. These facts are best explained by: Economies of scope Diseconomies of scale Diminishing marginal productivity Economies of scale 3). Suppose that college tuition is higher this year than last and that more students are enrolled in college this year than last year. Based on this information, we can best conclude that: despite the increase in price, quantity demanded rose due to some other factors changing. the demand for a college education is positively sloped. the law of demand is invalid. this situation has nothing to do with the law of demand. 4). A monopoly firm is different from a perfectly competitive firm in that: A monopolist’s demand curve is perfectly inelastic whereas a perfectly competitive firm’s demand curve is perfectly elastic. A competitive firm has a u-shaped average cost curve whereas a monopolist does not. A monopolist can influence market price whereas a perfectly competitive firm cannot. There are many substitutes for a monopolist’s product whereas there are no substitutes for a competitive firm’s product. 5). The best example of positive externality is: Alcoholic beverages Pollution Education Roller coaster rides 6). The theory that quantity supplied and price are positively related, other things constant, is referred to as the law of: supply profit maximization opportunity cost demand 7). A reduction in the supply of labor will cause wages to: Decrease and employment to decrease. Increase and employment to increase. Decrease and employment to increase. Increase and employment to decrease. 8). Other things held constant in a competitive labor market, if workers negotiate a contract in which the employer agrees to pay an hourly of $17.85 while the market equilibrium hour rate is $16.50, the: Quantity of workers demanded will exceed the quantity of workers supplied. Quantity of workers supplied will exceed the quantity of workers demanded. Supply of labor will decrease until the equilibrium wage rate is $17.85. Demand for labor will increase until the equilibrium wage rate is $17.85. 9). Alex is playing his music at full volume in his dorm room. The other people living on his floor found this to be a nuisance, but Alex doesn’t care. Alex’s music playing is an example of: Pareto externality Positive externality Negative externality Normative externality 10). Oligopoly is probably the best market for technological change because: The typical oligopoly has the funds to carry out research and development and believe that its competitors are innovating, which motivates it to conduct research and development. The typical oligopoly lacks the funds to carry out research and development and therefore will use basic research from universities. Research and development occurs only if government subsidizes such activity, and government tends to subsidize oligopolies. The typical oligopoly keeps price very close to average total cost because it fears the entry of new rivals if its profits are excessively high. 11). A perfectly competitive firm facing a price of $50 decides to produce 500 widgets. Its marginal cost of producing the last widget is $50. If the firm’s goal is to maximize profit, it should: Produce more widgets Produce fewer widgets Continue producing 500 widgets Shut down 12). Graphically, a change in price causes: the demand curve to shift. both supply and demand to shift. a movement along a given supply curve, not a shift. the supply curve to shift. 13). In 1997, the federal government reinstated a 10 percent excise tax on airline tickets. The industry tried to pass on the full 10 percent ticket tax to consumers but was able to boost fares by only 4 percent. From this you can conclude that the: Supply of airline tickets is perfectly inelastic. Supply elasticity of airline tickets is less than infinity. Demand elasticity for airline tickets is greater than zero in absolute value. Demand for airline tickets is perfectly inelastic. 14). In 2011, the Department of Justice sued AT&T to block its merger with the cell phone service provider T-Mobile. To defend itself against the charge, AT&T argued that the: Combined company could raise prices, allowing it to survive in a rapidly changing market. Government had no authority to block mergers in the telephone industry. Government had guaranteed it exclusive control of cell phone service. Merger would improve and expand cellular service to consumers. 15). The law of diminishing marginal productivity implies that the marginal product of a variable input: Never declines Always declines Is constant Eventually declines 16). Suppose OPEC announces it will increase production. Using supply and demand analysis to predict the effect of increased production on equilibrium price and quantity, the first step is to show the: supply curve shifting to the right. demand curve shifting to the left. demand curve shifting to the right. supply curve shifting to the left. 17). Many call centers that provide telephone customer services for U.S. companies have been established in India, but few or none have been established in China. Why? China is at a more advanced stage of economic development than India. China lacks the political infrastructure to support call centers. Indian labor costs are equal to Chinese labor costs. Chinese labor lacks the specific language skills needed to make call centers profitable in China. 18). Suppose people freely choose to spend 40 percent of their income on health care, but then the government decides to tax 40 percent of that person’s income to provide the same level of coverage as before. What can be said about deadweight loss in each case? There is no difference because the total spending remains the same and the health care purchased remains the same. Taxing income results in less deadweight loss because government knows better what health care coverage is good for society. Taxing income results in deadweight loss, and purchasing health care on one’s own doesn’t result in deadweight loss. There is no difference between goods that are purchased in the market in either case. 19). At one time, sea lions were depleting the stock of steelhead trout. One idea to scare sea lions away from the Washington coast was to launch fake killer whales, which are predators of sea lions. The cost of making the first whale is $16,000 ($5,000 for materials and $11,000 for the mold). The mold can be reused to make additional whales, and so additional whales cost $5,000 each. Based on these numbers, the production of fake killer whales exhibits: Diminishing marginal product Decreasing returns to scale Constant returns to scale Increasing returns to scale 20). There are many restaurants in the city of Raleigh, each one offering food and services that differ from those of its competitors. There is also free entry of sellers into the market, and each seller serves a very small fraction of the total number of meals served each day. The restaurant industry in Raleigh is best characterized as: Perfectly competitive. Monopolistically competitive. A pure monopoly. An oligopoly. 21). Suppose foreign shrimp prices drop by 32 percent and importers gain a 90 percent market share. From this information, what would economists strongly suspect about this industry? Foreigners have a comparative advantage in shrimping. The large sales of foreigners indicate they are better strategic business bargainers than Americans are. Americans have a comparative advantage in shrimping. Foreign sellers probably are colluding on price to maximize profits. 22). For a monopolist, the price of a product: Is less than the marginal revenue. Exceeds the marginal revenue. Equals the marginal cost. Equals the marginal revenue. 23). When Ross Perot ran for president as a third party candidate in 1992, he argued that free trade with Mexico would result in massive job losses in the United States because Mexican wages were so low. Which of the following is the best explanation of why few economists agreed with Perot? Although economics predicted that unemployment would rise, the increased profits of corporations would raise stock prices enough to compensate for the lost jobs. Economists did not believe any jobs would be lost in the United States. Although economists believed that in some areas the United States would lose jobs, they expected the United States would gain jobs in other areas. Economics believed that the U.S. unemployment would rise. 24). Mr. Woodward’s cabinet shop is experiencing rapid growth in sales. As sales have increased, Mr. Woodward has found it necessary to hire more workers. However, he has observed that doubling the number of workers has less than doubled his output. What is the likely explanation? The law of demand The law of diminishing marginal productivity The law of supply The law of diminishing marginal utility 25). Price elasticity of demand is the: Change in the quantity of a good demanded divided by the change in the price of that good. Percentage change in price of that good divided by the percentage change in the quantity of that good demanded. Percentage change in quantity of a good demanded divided by the percentage change in the price of that good. Change in the price of a good divided by the change in the quantity of that good demanded. 26). Which of the following statements is true about a downward-sloping demand curve that is a straight line? The slope remains the same, but elasticity falls as you move down the demand curve. The slope remains the same, but elasticity rises as you move down the demand curve. The slope and the elasticity fall as you move down the demand curve. The slope and elasticity are the same at all points. 27). Strategic decision making is most important in: Monopolistically competitive markets. Monopolistic markets. Oligopolistic markets. Competitive markets. 28). Cartels are organizations that: Encourage price wars. Keep markets contestable. Use predatory pricing to monopolize industries. Coordinate the output and pricing decisions of a group of firms. 29). Microeconomics and macroeconomics are: Interrelated because what happens in the economy as a whole is based on individual decisions. Interrelated because both are often taught by the same instructors. Not related because they are taught separately. Virtually identical, though one is much more difficult than the other. 30). Microeconomics is the study of: a firm’s pricing policies inflation unemployment business cycles

2024 QSO 520 Midterm Case Study Assignment Help

Case Study Coastal States Chemicals and Fertilizers The Model Six plants of Coastal States Louisiana Division were 2023

Case Study: Coastal States Chemicals and Fertilizers The Model Six plants of Coastal States Louisiana Division were to share in the “pie.” They were all located in the massive Baton Rouge–Geismar–Gramercy industrial complex along the Mississippi River between Baton Rouge and New Orleans. Products manufactured at those plants that required significant amounts of natural gas were phosphoric acid, urea, ammonium phosphate, ammonium nitrate, chlorine, caustic soda, vinyl chloride monomer, and hydrofluoric acid. Bill Stock called a meeting of members of his technical staff to discuss a contingency plan for allocation of natural gas among the products if a curtailment developed. The objective was to minimize the impact on profits. After detailed discussion, the meeting was adjourned. Two weeks later, the meeting reconvened. At this session, the data in Table 4.3 were presented (see page 159). Coastal States’ contract with Cajan Pipeline specified a maximum natural gas consumption of 36,000,000 cubic feet per day for all six member plants. With these data, the technical staff proceeded to develop a model that would specify changes in production rates in response to a natural gas curtailment. (Curtailments are based on contracted consumption and not current consumption.) You have been given the Solver output reports from this model. The output is based on a 20% and a 40% natural gas curtailment along with the sensitivity reports for each. Bill Stock would like to know what the impact of a larger curtailment would be. If the shortages are greater than expected, what are the impacts to Coastal States? Discussion Questions 1. Rework the model and specify the production rates for each product for the following scenarios: A. 25% natural gas curtailment B. 45% natural gas curtailment 2. What impact will the natural gas shortage have on company profits? 3. Develop the sensitivity report for the 25% natural gas curtailment model. Use this report to answer the following questions. Each question is independent of the others. A. Interpret the shadow prices for the natural gas availability constraint. B. Interpret the shadow prices for the two constraints that limit the maximum phosphoric acid and chlorine that Coastal can produce. C. Brenda Lamb, Bill Stock’s marketing manager, believes that due to increased competition she may have to decrease the unit profit contributions for all products by 3.5% each. What is the impact of this decrease on the production values? On the total profit? D. Jose Fernandez, Bill Stock’s production manager, thinks that he can increase the maximum production rate for chlorine and vinyl chloride monomer to 80% of capacity. For all other products, he thinks he can increase the maximum production rate to 100% of capacity. What would be the impact of this change on the total profit? E. Bill Stock thinks he can persuade Coastal’s Mississippi Division to give him 1,000,000 cubic feet of its allotment of natural gas from Cajan Pipeline. However, due to the Mississippi Division’s pricing contract with Cajan Pipeline, this additional amount of natural gas will cost Stock an additional $1.50 per 1,000 cubic feet (over current costs). Should Stock pursue this option? If so, what is the impact of this additional gas on his total profit? What is the impact if Bill Stock can persuade the Mississippi Division to give him 3,000,000 cubic feet of its allotment of natural gas from Cajan Pipeline? 4. Redo question 3 using the sensitivity report for the 45% natural gas curtailment model. In addition, interpret the reduced cost for caustic soda.